George Clifford
Herbarium
(1685 - 1760)

Watermarks

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Examples of watermarks present in the Wageningen sheets:

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French lily with initial WR: paper originating from the paper mill of Wendelin Riehel (Bastle, France). Period unknown, although before 1738.

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French lily with initial LVG: paper originating from the paper mill of Lubertus van Gerrevink (Egmond a/d Hoef, the Netherlands).
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Originating from one of the mills of Jean Villadary, in Angoumois, Vraichamp, Beauvais or La Couronne. Until 1758 he worked in France, afterwards he owned a paper mill in Hattum, Gelderland. The initial VI (or IV) can be found over a period of 150 years. The Clifford Herbarium paper is probably from the French period. In a later period, 1736-1812, the initials of I. Villedary and LVG are often found together, this is not the case with the watermarks in the Clifford collection.
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Initial MCMD: paper originating from the paper mill of C. Meyerink (the Netherlands), active since 1695. The third photo is originates from a collection in the Natural History Museum, London.

Here also some other watermarks present in the herbarium collections in the Natural History Museum, London.

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French lily with initial IH, originating from one of the paper mills of I. Honig, Zaanstreek, the Netherlands.
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French lily with bell shape. Origine unknown.
 

Watermark 'Garden of Holland' or "Maiden of Dordt".